1996. Recovery plan for the Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana) Lea. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Ga. 31 pp.2002. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; designating critical habitat for the appalachian elktoe.Bauer, G, Hochwald, S and Wilkenat, W 1991 Spatial distribution of freshwater mussels the role of host fish and metabolic rate - Freshw Biol 26 377-386

Department of Interior. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1994. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Appalachian Elktoe Determined to be an Endangered Species. Federal Register 59(225):60324-60334.Fridell, J. A. 1999. Appalachian elktoe in North Carolina.Hoggarth, M. A., D. A. Kimberly, and Van Allen, Benjamin G. 2007. A study of the mussels (mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionidae) of symmes creek and tributaries in Jackson, Gallia and Lawrence counties, Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 107(4):57.Howard, J.K., K. M. Cuffey. 2006. The functional role of native freshwater mussels in the fluvial benthic environment - Freshw Biol 51 460-474Neves, R. J., A. E. Bogan, J. D. Williams, S. A. Ahlstedt, and P. W. Hartfield. 1997. Status of Aquatic Mollusks in the Southeastern United States: A Downward Spiral of Diversity. in G. W. Benz and D. E. Collins, editors. Aquatic Fauna in Peril: The Southeastern Perspective.Shaw, K. M., T. L. King, W. A. Lellis, and M. S. Eachles. 2006. Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in alasmidonta heterodon (bivalvia: Unionidae). Molecular Ecology Notes 6(2):365.Strayer, D. L., J. A. Downing, W. R. Haag, T. L. King, J. B. Layzer, T. J. Newton, and S. J. Nichols. 2004. Changing perspectives on pearly mussels, North America's most imperiled animals. Bioscience 54(5):429.Vaughn, C. C., C. M. Taylor. 1999. Impoundments and the Decline of Freshwater Mussels: A Case Study of an Extinction Gradient. Conservation Biology 13(4): 912-920.